yatex
view help/YATEXHLP.eng @ 54:2d45e43fb35f
Full support of English documents
| author | yuuji |
|---|---|
| date | Mon, 24 Apr 1995 14:42:53 +0000 |
| parents | 5d94deabb9f9 |
| children | 0eb6997bee16 |
line source
1 textfloatsep
2 \addtolength{\textfloatsep}{LENGTH}
3 Length between the text and a float at the top or bottom of page
5 floatsep
6 \addtolength{\floatsep}{LENGTH}
7 Length between two floats
9 oddsidemargin
10 \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{LENGTH}
11 Length between text and a line 1 inch from the left of page, on the
12 right page
15 pagestyle
16 \pagestyle{STYLE}
17 Determines header and footer styles on output page. There are the
18 following styles
19 plain Standard style. Page number only in footer.
20 empty No headers or footers are output.
21 headings Puts page number and headings according to section in header.
22 No footer is output.
23 myheadings User defines what goes into headings using \markbpth and \markright
25 thispagestyle
26 \thispagestyle{STYLE}
27 Determines the STYLE for the current page only
29 pagenumbering
30 \pagenumbering{STYLE}
31 Determines the STYLE of page numbers. Type of STYLEs are,
32 arabic arabic numerals
33 alph lowercase alphabets
34 Alph uppercase alphabets
35 roman lowercase roman numerals
36 Roman uppercase roman numerals
38 shortstack
39 \shortstack[POSITION]{TEXT\\TO BE\\STACKED}
40 Stack and display contents within {}, separated by \\.
41 Possible [POSITION]s are, l(left), c(center), r(right).
43 newlength
44 \newlength{NAME}
45 Declare NAME as a length command.
47 addtolength
48 \addtolength{LENGTH COMMAND}{VALUE}
49 Adds VALUE to LENGTH COMMAND.
50 See \setlength for major style parameters.
52 setlength
53 \setlength{LENGTH COMMAND}{VALUE}
54 Set the value of LENGTH COMMAND to VALUE.
55 Major style parameters are:
56 (Style parameters must be changed in the preamble)
57 \evensidemargin \footheight \footskip \headheight
58 \headsep \marginparsep \marginparwidth \oddsidemargin
59 \textheight \textwidth \topmargin \topskip
60 \parindent \baselineskip \baselinestretch \parskip
61 \columnsep \columnseprule \mathindent
63 settowidth{\NAME}{TEXT}
64 Set the value of \NAME to the width of \hbox{TEXT}.
66 evensidemargin
67 \setlength{\evensidemargin}{LENGTH}
68 Length between body and a line 1 inch from the left of page, on the
69 left page.
71 footheight
72 \setlength{\footheight}{LENGTH}
73 Height of footer.
75 footskip
76 \setlength{\footskip}{LENGTH}
77 Length between bottom of body and footer.
79 headheight
80 \addtolength{\headheight}{LENGTH}
81 Height of header.
83 headsep
84 \setlength{\headsep}{LENGTH}
85 Length between top of body and header.
87 marginparsep
88 \addtolength{\marginparsep}{LENGTH}
89 Length between the body and marginal notes
91 marginparwidth
92 \addtolength{\marginparwidth}{LENGTH}
93 Width of marginal notes.
95 oddsidemargin
96 \addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{LENGTH}
97 Length between body and a line 1 inch from the left of page, on the
98 right page.
101 textheight
102 \addtolength{\textheight}{LENGTH}
103 Height of text.
105 textwidth
106 \addtolength{\textwidth}{LENGTH}
107 Width of body.
109 topmargin
110 \addtolength{\topmargin}{LENGTH}
111 Length between the header and a line one inch from the top of the page.
113 topskip
114 \addtolength{\topskip}{LENGTH}
115 Length between top of the body to the first line of the text.
117 parindent
118 \setlength{\parindent}{LENGTH}
119 Width of indentation at the beginning of a paragraph.
121 linewidth
122 \addtolength{\linewidth}{LENGTH}
123 Width of lines.
125 baselineskip
126 \addtolength{baselineskip}{LENGTH}
127 Minimum height between baselines (bottom of a line).
129 baselinestretch
130 \renewcommand{baselinestretch}{1.5}
131 Value to multiply \baselineskip. (default is 1)
132 (* Redefine using \renewcommand. Don't use \setlength.
134 parskip
135 \addtolength{\parskip}{LENGTH}
136 Vertical space before a paragraph.
138 columnsep
139 \addtolength{\columnsep}{LENGTH}
140 Width between columns in a two column environment.
142 columnseprule
143 \addtolength{\columnseprule}{LENGTH}
144 Width of ruler to separate columns in a two column environment.
145 (default is 0pt)
147 columnwidth
148 \addtolength{\columnwidth}{LENGTH}
149 (\textwidth - \columnsep)/2 in a two column environment.
150 Otherwise, equal to \textwidth.
152 mathindent
153 \addtolength{mathindent}{LENGTH}
154 Width of indentation of a equation from the left margin, when fleqn is
155 defined as style option.
157 LaTeX
158 \LaTeX
159 Display \LaTeX logo. Definition of \LaTeX is;
160 \def\LaTeX{{\rm L\kern-.36em\raise.3ex\hbox{\sc a}\kern-.15em
161 T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
163 fragile
164 ** LaTeX term **
165 Any command which expanded result changes by an argument.
166 Opposite is a robust command.
168 robust
169 ** LaTeX term **
170 Commands which expanded results are always the same.
171 Font type/size selection commands, length commands, and most commands
172 used within math mode is robust.
173 (maketitle type commands that don't take any arguments)
175 protect
176 \protect `a fragile command'
177 Commands that the result changes according to it's arguments are
178 called "fragile commands". When an argument is referenced in more
179 than one place, the command is said to "take a moving argument".
180 chapter and caption, whose argument will be used in the table of
181 contents, or an @ in an tabular/array environment are examples.
183 When a "fragile command" is used in a "moving argument", it must be
184 preceded by a \protect. Following is an example.
186 \newcommand{\thissystem}[1]{YaTeX version #1}
187 \chapter{About \protect \thissystem{1.50}}
189 newcommand
190 \newcommand{\NAME}[ARGS]{DEF}
191 Define a macro \NAME as DEF, taking ARGS number of arguments. The nth
192 argument will be referred as #n in the definition.
193 If used as
194 \newcommand{\foo}[1]{\underline{#1}}
195 \foo{bar} will be expanded to \underline{bar}. When a font selection
196 command is used as
197 \newcommand{\foo}[1]{\bf #1}
198 \foo{bar} will be expanded as \bf bar in the text, so, it must be used as
199 \newcommand{\foo}[1]{{\bf #1}}
201 If NAME is already defined as a macro, it will return an error. To
202 redefine, use \renewcommand.
204 renewcommand
205 \renewcommand{\NAME}[ARGS]{DEF}
206 Redefine an already defined command.
207 <refer newcommand>
209 newenvironment
210 \newenvironment{NAME}[ARGS]{DEF1}{DEF2}
211 Define a new environment.
212 \begin{NAME} will be replaced by DEF1 and \end{NAME} will be replaced
213 by DEF2. Same as
214 \newcommand{\NAME}{DEF1} \def{\end{\NAME}}{DEF2}
216 renewenvironment
217 \renewenvironment{NAME}[ARGS]{DEF1}{DEF2}
218 Redefine an environment NAME that already exists.
219 <refer newenvironment>
221 typeout
222 \typeout{MESSAGE}
223 Output MESSAGE to the terminal while typesetting.
225 typein
226 \typein{MESSAGE} \typein[\MACRO]{MESSAGE}
227 Output MESSAGE to terminal and execute the input.
228 In the second form, \MACRO will be defined as the input.
230 par
231 \par
232 Used to separate paragraphs. Same as a blank line.
234 everypar
235 \everypar
236 RTFM
238 nopagebreak
239 \nopagebreak[i] (i = 0,1,2,3,4)
240 Prevents pages to be broken by the strength of i. (default is 4)
242 pagebreak
243 \pagebreak[i] (i = 0,1,2,3,4)
244 Forces pages to be broken by the strength of i. (default is 4)
246 linebreak
247 \linebreak[i] (i = 0,1,2,3,4)
248 Forces lines to be broken by the strength of i. (default is 4)
250 nolinebreak
251 \nolinebreak[i] (i = 0,1,2,3,4)
252 Prevents lines to be broken by the strength of i. (default is 4)
254 samepage
255 \samepage
256 Prevents page to be broken.
257 RTFM
259 obeycr
260 \obeycr
261 Define <CR> as \\. see \restorecr
263 restorecr
264 \restorecr
265 Restore <CR>'s definition changed by \obeycr.
267 \
268 \\ \\[LENGTH]
270 Breaks a line at any given point. Same as \newline if used within a
271 paragraph. If an option argument LENGTH is given, vertical space to
272 next line will be \vspace{LENGTH}.
274 addvspace
275 \addvspace{SKIP}
276 Adds space equal to SKIP to vertical space. If more than one values
277 are given as \addvspace{S1} \addvspace{S2}, it will be the same as
278 \addvspace{the larger of S1, S2}.
280 vspace
281 \vspace{LENGTH} \vspace*{LENGTH}
282 Adds vertical space of LENGTH.
283 \vspace* will add space at any given position, but \vspace will not
284 add at beginning or end of a page.
286 vspace*
287 \vspace{LENGTH} \vspace*{LENGTH}
288 Adds vertical space of LENGTH.
289 \vspace* will add space at any given position, but \vspace will not
290 add at beginning or end of a page.
292 hspace
293 \hspace{LENGTH} \hspace*{LENGTH}
294 Adds horizontal space of LENGTH.
295 \hspace* will add space at any given position, but \hspace will not add
296 at beginning or end of a line.
298 hspace*
299 \hspace{LENGTH} \hspace*{LENGTH}
300 Adds horizontal space of LENGTH.
301 \hspace* will add space at any given position, but \hspace will not add
302 at beginning or end of a line.
304 smallskip
305 \smallskip
306 Put a small vertical space.
307 \def\smallskip{\vspace\smallskipamount}
309 medskip
310 \medskip
311 Put a medium vertical space.
312 \def\medskip{\vspace\medskipamount}
314 bigskip
315 \bigskip
316 Put a big vertical skip.
317 \def\bigskip{\vspace\bigskipamount}
319 ,
320 \,
321 Opens a thin space. Can be used in paragraph mode, LR mode, or math mode.
322 Used to write a quote within a quote.
323 example: ``\,`Foo', he said.''
324 Spaces that can be used in math mode are:
325 \: medium space
326 \! negative and thin space
327 \; thick space
329 :
330 $\:$
331 Medium space. Math mode only.
333 !
334 $\!$
335 Negative thin space. Math mode only.
337 ;
338 $\;$
339 Thick space. Math mode only.
341 whiledo{TEST}{BODY}
342 Repeat BODY while TEST is true.
344 nofiles
345 \nofiles
346 If \nofiles is in the preamble, .aux, .idx, .lof, .lot, .toc files will
347 not be made.
349 includeonly
350 \includeonly{sub1} \includeonly{sub1,sub3}
351 Appoints actual files to be read and processed by \include{}. (.tex can
352 be suppressed)
353 Files not given in the argument list of \includeonly will not be
354 processed at all. If the file has been processed before, it will be
355 treated as if there were no changes from then.
357 include
358 \include{FILE}
359 Same as
360 \clearpage \input{FILE} \clearpage
362 input
363 \input{FILE}
364 Process as if FILE.tex has been inserted at that point.
366 setcounter
367 \setcounter{FOO}{VAL}
368 Set counter FOO's value to VAL.
370 addtocounter
371 \addtocounter{FOO}{VAL}
372 Add value VAL to counter FOO.
374 newcounter
375 \newcounter{COUNTER}[OLDCTR]
376 Defines a new counter COUNTER.
377 If an optional argument OLDCTR is given, COUNTER's value will be reset
378 every time OLDCTR's value is changed by \stepcounter or \addtocounter.
380 value
381 \value{COUNTER}
382 Returns value of COUNTER. Must not be preceded by \protect.
384 stepcounter
385 \stepcounter{FOO}
386 Increments value of counter FOO. Also resets any counter dependent to FOO.
388 refstepcounter
389 \refstepcounter{FOO}
390 Increments value of counter FOO. Also resets any counter dependent to
391 FOO. Defers with \stepcounter as; if \label{hoge} follows immediately
392 after \refstepcounter{FOO}, \ref{hoge}'s value will be set to \value{FOO}.
394 arabic
395 \arabic{COUNTER}
396 Output COUNTER's value in arabic numerals.
398 roman
399 \roman{COUNTER}
400 Output COUNTER's value in lower case roman numerals.
402 Roman
403 \Roman{COUNTER}
404 Output COUNTER's value in upper case roman numerals.
406 alph
407 \alph{COUNTER}
408 Output COUNTER's value in lower case alphabet.
410 Alph
411 \Alph{COUNTER}
412 Output COUNTER's value in upper case alphabet.
414 fnsymbol
415 \fnsymbol{COUNTER}
416 Output COUNTER's value in footnote symbols (1 = *, 2 = \dagger, ...).
417 Math mode only.
419 label
420 \label{LABEL}
421 Set value of LABEL to \ref VALUE.
422 This value is referred by \ref{VALUE}. \pageref{LABEL} refers to the
423 page number \label{LABEL} exists.
424 ``\ref VALUEs'' are, section commands as \section, \item commands within
425 an enumerate environment, values set by a theorem environment. For
426 example, immediately after a \item of a enumerate environment, the item
427 number will be the ``\ref VALUE''. \label{LABEL} will set the item
428 number to LABEL.
430 ref
431 \ref{LABEL}
432 Refer to LABEL's value set by \label{LABEL}.
433 Examples of values returned are; page numbers for LABELs set in the main
434 text, table numbers for LABELs set in a table, and the item number for
435 LABELs set in an item of the enumerate environment.
437 pageref
438 pageref{LABEL}
439 Refer to the page number where \label{LABEL} exists.
441 (
442 \( EQUATION \)
443 Produce an in-text equation.
444 Same as
445 \begin{math} EQUATION \end{math}
446 \( and \) are fragile.
448 )
449 \( x^2 = 4 \)
450 Produce an in-text equation.
451 Same as
452 \begin{math} EQUATION \end{math}
453 \( and \) are fragile.
455 [
456 \[ EQUATION \]
457 Produce an equation in display mode.
458 Same as
459 \begin{displaymath} EQUATION \end{displaymath}
460 \[ and \] are fragile.
462 )
463 \[ EQUATION \]
464 Produce an equation in display mode.
465 Same as
466 \begin{displaymath} EQUATION \end{displaymath}
467 \[ and \] are fragile.
469 equation
470 \begin{equation} EQUATION \end{equation}
471 Produce a numbered equation in displaymath mode.
473 eqnarray
474 \begin{eqnarray} EQNS \end{eqnarray}
475 Produce equations aligned in three columns. The columns are separated by
476 & as ``left member & sign & right member''. For example,
477 \begin{eqnarray}
478 3x + 2y & = & 4 \\
479 x - 4y & = & -5
480 \end{eqnarray}
482 eqnarray*
483 \begin{eqnarray*} EQNS \end{eqnarray*}
484 Same as eqnarray, except no equation numbers are produced.
486 frac
487 \frac{NUMER}{DENOM}
488 Produce a fraction as
489 NUMER
490 ------
491 DENOM
492 Same as {NUMER \over DENOM}
494 sqrt
495 \sqrt[N]{EQUATION}
496 Produces the Nth power of EQUATION. Gives a square root if [N] is not given.
498 lefteqn
499 \lefteqn{EQUATION}
500 In display math mode, presume EQUATION has zero width and print it flush left.
501 Used in eqnarray environment when the left member is too long and needs
502 folding.
503 \begin{eqnarray}
504 \lefteqn{a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_n =} \\
505 & & a_1 + b_1 + \cdots + z_1 + \\
506 & & b_2 + c+2 + \cdost + z_2
507 \end{eqnarray}
509 center
510 \begin{center} TEXT \end{center}
511 Center TEXT. Each line must be separated by \\.
512 <refer \centering>
514 flushright
515 \begin{flushright} TEXT \end{flushright}
516 Align end of each line with right margin. Each line must be separated by \\.
517 <refer \raggedright>
519 flushleft
520 \begin{flushleft} TEXT \end{flushleft}
521 Align start of each line with left margin. \\ can be given to decide
522 point of line break. Otherwise lines will be broken at an appropriate
523 length.
524 <refer \raggedleft>
526 centering
527 \centering
528 Produce a centered paragraph.
529 Declared at the beginning of a table/figura environment, it will center
530 until the end of the environment.
532 raggedright
533 \raggedright
534 Produce flush-left paragraphs.
536 raggedleft
537 \raggedleft
538 Produce flush-right paragraphs.
540 raggedbottom
541 \raggedbottom
542 Allow height of each page to vary.
543 Declared in the preamble.
544 <refer \flushbottom>
546 flushbottom
547 \flushbottom
548 Make all text pages the same height.
549 Declared in the preamble.
550 <refer \raggedbottom>
552 sloppy
553 \sloppy
554 Always breaks the line at the right-hand margin, but allows too much
555 space between words.
556 <refer \fussy>
558 fussy
559 \fussy
560 Return to normal line breaking.
561 <refer \sloppy>
563 sloppypar
564 \begin{sloppypar} PARAGRAPH \end{sloppypar}
565 Produce PARAGRAPH in \sloppy.
566 <refer \sloppy>
568 verbatim
569 \begin{verbatim} ... \end{verbatim}
570 The verbatim environment uses the fixed-width \tt font, turns blanks into
571 spaces, starts a new line for each carriage return (or sequence of
572 consecutive carriage returns), and interprets EVERY character literally.
573 I.e., all special characters \, {, $, etc. are \catcode'd to 'other'.
575 verbatim*
576 \begin{verbatim*} ... \end{verbatim*}
577 The verbatim* environment is the same to verbatim, except that spaces
578 print as the TeXbook's space character instead of as blank spaces.
579 <refer verbatim>
581 list
582 \begin{list}{LABEL}{PARAMETER} ... \end{list}
583 Enter list environment. Each \item will be listed with an indent.
584 First argument gives the default label when \item's optional argument is
585 omitted. Second argument gives parameters to be processed for each item.
586 example:
587 \begin{list}%
588 {$\diamond$}
589 {\addtolength{\leftmargin}{4em}}
590 \item First argument is the default label when \verb|\item|'s optional
591 argument is given.
592 \item Second argument will be processed for each item.
593 \item[*] If a optional argument is given such as this, it will be the label.
594 \end{list}
596 Variables to control the list environment are as follow; (default value)
597 horizontal:
598 <refer variables to control list environment>
600 variables to control list environment
601 \labelwidth width of label
602 \labelsep space between right of label and text of first item
603 \leftmargin left margin within list environment
604 \rightmargin right margin within list environment (0pt)
605 \itemindent width of indent preceding item (0pt)
606 \linewidth width of line
607 \listparindent indent for each paragraph (except first paragraph with \item)
608 (0pt)
610 vertical:
611 \topsep space between last paragraph before list environment and
612 first item
613 \partopsep space added to \topsep when starting a new paragraph in list
614 environment
615 \itemsep space between successive items
616 \parsep space between paragraphs within the same item
618 itemize
619 \begin{itemize} \item ITEM1 ... \item ITEMn \end{itemize}
620 Produce a bulleted list.
621 Can be nested to four levels.
622 ``bullets'' shown at top of each item of the four levels are controlled
623 by \labelitemi, \labelitemii, \labelitemiii, \labelitemiv.
625 Variables to control the itemize environment are;
626 <refer variables to control list environment>
628 enumerate
629 \begin{enumerate} \item ITEM1 ... \item ITEMn \end{enumerate}
630 Produce a numbered list.
631 Can be nested to four levels.
632 Numbers for items on each level are held in enumi, enumii, enumiii, enumiv.
633 Each item's label are produced by \labelenumi, ..., \labelenumiv.
634 \p@enumN\theenumN will set \ref's value. (N is the depth of level.
635 refer \ref for value of \ref)
636 For example, if declared
637 \def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
638 \def\p@enumii{\theenumi\theenumii}
639 \def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
640 \ref's value will be 3a.
642 Variables to control enumerate environment are,
643 <refer variables to control list environment>
645 item
646 \item \item[LABEL]
647 Start an item in itemize, enumerate, description environment.
648 Output LABEL if [LABEL] is given.
650 description
651 \begin{description} \item[LABEL] CONTENTS ... \end{description}
652 Produce [LABEL] as a label.
654 subitem
655 \subitem ITEM
656 Define a subitem.
658 subsubitem
659 \subsubitem ITEM
660 Define a subsubitem.
662 makebox
663 \makebox[WID][POS]{OBJECT} \makebox(X,Y)[POS]{OBJECT}
664 First form will place OBJECT at position POS and width WID in a \box.
665 For POS, object will be placed flush-left if l, flush-right if r, and
666 centered if nothing is given
667 In the second form, object will be placed in a \hbox sized (X,Y) (in
668 \unitlength) within a picture environment. POS is the same as the first form.
670 mbox
671 \mbox{OBJECT}
672 Same as \makebox{OBJECT}.
674 newsavebox
675 \newsavebox{\CMD}
676 Define a new box saving command. \CMD is used in a \savebox command to
677 save boxes. Commands defined by \newsavebox are always global.
679 savebox
680 \savebox{\CMD}{TEXT}
681 Save results of TEXT in \CMD to be boxed.
682 TEXT is the same as the argument of \makebox, but the results of
683 processing TEXT is not displayed in-place. Boxes processed by
684 \usebox{\CMD} will be placed.
686 sbox
687 \sbox{\CMD}{TEXT}
688 Same as \savebox. \sbox is robust, and \savebox is fragile.
690 framebox
691 \framebox{OBJECT}
692 Do the same thing as \makebox with a frame.
693 The frame's width and space between the object are decided by \framerule
694 and \framesep. If used as \framebox(X,Y){OBJECT} in a picture
695 environment, width of frame will be dependant to the picture
696 environment's line width, and space between the object and frame can not
697 be opened.
699 fbox
700 \fbox{OBJECT}
701 Same as \framebox{OBJECT}.
702 \fbox is robust, \framebox fragile.
704 parbox
705 \parbox[POS]{WIDTH}{TEXT}
706 Make a box of width WIDTH using TEXT. The box's position by POS is;
707 c : centering (default)
708 b : bottom of box matches present text
709 t : top of box matches present text
711 In \parbox, parameters will be reset as;
712 \parskip = 0pt
713 \linewidth = \hsize
714 \@totalleftmargin = 0pt
715 \leftskip = 0pt
716 \rightskip = 0pt
717 \@rightskip = 0pt
718 \parfillskip = 0pt plus 1fil
719 \lineskip = \normallineskip
720 \baselineskip = \normalbaselineskip
722 minipage
723 \begin{minipage}[pos]{WIDTH} TEXT \end{minipage}
724 Make a box of width WIDTH using TEXT as \parbox. The box's position by
725 POS is;
726 c : centering (default)
727 b : bottom of box matches present text
728 t : top of box matches present text
729 TEXT will be processed as a normal paragraph, differing from \parbox.
731 rule
732 \rule[RAISED]{WIDTH}{HEIGHT}
733 Make a rule of WIDTH x HEIGHT. If RAISED is given, will be raised that
734 amount.
736 underline
737 \underline{TEXT}
738 Underline TEXT.
740 raisebox
741 \raisebox{DISTANCE}[HEIGHT][DEPTH]{BOX}
742 Raise BOX by DISTANCE.
743 If HEIGHT and DEPTH are given, TeX will take it as the height and depth
744 of the box.
745 (see TeXBook for more info)
747 tabbing
748 \begin{tabbing} \= text1.1 \= text1.2 \\ \> text2.1 \> text2.2 \end{tabbing}
749 Creates an environment of aligned columns (nesting allowed). For example,
750 \begin{tabbing}
751 \= ITEM1 \hspace*{2em} \= ITEM2 \hspace*{3em} \= ITEM3 \\
752 \> aabbcc \> ddeeff \> gghhii \+ \\
753 \> jjkkll \> mmnnoo \\
754 \> ppqqrr \- \\
755 \> ssttuu \> vvwwxx \> yyzzzz
756 \end{tabbing}
757 will be processed with three tab stops as,
758 (1st item) (2nd item) (3rd item)
759 aabbcc ddeeff gghhii
760 jjkkll mmnnoo
761 ppqqrr
762 ssttuu vvwwxx yyzzzz
763 \2em/ \3em/
764 Commands to control the tabbing environment are; (n starts from 1)
765 \= Sets the nth tab stop position to the current position and increment
766 the tab counter (n) by 1.
767 \\ Start a new line and reset the tab counter (n=1)
768 \> Set the position to the nth tab stop and increment the tab counter by 1.
769 \+ Add 1 to the next line's tab counter's initial value. If written as
770 \+ \\, the next line's \> will give the position of the second tab
771 stop. Multiple \+ will accumulate tab counter's initial value.
773 \- Reverse of \+. Decrease initial value of tab counter for next line
774 by 1.
775 \< Decrease value of tab counter by 1 and set the tab stop. Can be
776 only used at the beginning of a line.
777 \' Output at a position \tabbinsep right from the normal tab stop.
778 \` Output remaining text flush-right.
779 \pushtabs Push all tab stop positions being used.
780 \poptabs Push all tab stop positions being used. \pushtabs and \poptabs
781 must be used in pairs. Nesting allowed.
782 \aX In a tabbing environment, accents are produced by \a=, \a', \a`
783 \kill Without outputting text, parse tabbing definition.
785 array
786 \begin{array}{PREAMBLE} C1 & C2 & .. & Cn \\ D1 ... \end{array}
787 Make a mathematical array. Useful to make matrix.
788 See the help of `tabular' for detailed description.
790 tabular
791 \begin{tabular}[OPT]{PREAMBLE} C1 & C2 & .. & Cn \\ D1 ... \end{tabular}
792 Make tabular.
793 [[OPT]]
794 [t] Align the top of tabular to the line.
795 [b] Align the bottom of tabular to the line.
796 [[PREAMBLE]]
797 l,r,c : indicate where entry is to be placed.
798 | : for vertical rule
799 @{EXP} : inserts the text EXP in every column. \arraycolsep or \tabcolsep
800 spacing is suppressed.
801 *{N}{PRE} : equivalent to writing N copies of PRE in the preamble. PRE
802 may contain *{N'}{EXP'} expressions.
803 p{LEN} : makes entry in parbox of width LEN.
805 [[Usable commands in array, tabular environment]]
806 \multicolumn
807 <refer multicolumn>
808 \vline
809 <refer vline>
810 \hline
811 <refer hline>
812 \cline{i-j}
813 <refer cline>
814 \extracolsep{W}
815 <refer extracolsep>
818 See below as sample.
820 \LaTeX Expression Printed image
821 \begin{array}{ccr}
822 x+y+z & a_1 & 1 \\ x+y+z a1 1
823 x+z & a_2 & 21 \\ x+z a2 21
824 y & a_3 & 321 y a3 321
825 \end{array}
827 \[ \left(
828 \begin{array}{cccc}
829 a_{11} & a_{12} & \dots & a_{1n} \\ / a11 a12 ... a1n \
830 a_{21} & a_{22} & \dots & a_{2n} \\ | a21 a22 ... a2n |
831 \vdots & \vdots & \ddots& \vdots \\ | : : \. : |
832 a_{n1} & a_{n2} & \dots & a_{nn} \ an1 an2 ..: ann /
833 \end{array}
834 \right)\]
836 \right(, \left) or \right{, left} or \right[, \left] or \right|, \left|
837 can enclose whole of array environment by parentheses, braces, brackets,
838 norm respectively. The number of `\right's and `\left's should be the
839 same, but the type of parentheses don't have to match like
840 \right( \left]. `\right.' produces the invisible parenthesis.
842 \[ Ans. \cdots \left\{ /
843 \begin{array}{ccc} | x = 5
844 x & = & 5 \\ Ans. ...<
845 y & = & 3 | y = 3
846 \end{array} \right. \] \
848 Here are the style parameters for the tabular environment.
849 \arraycolsep : half the width separating columns in an array environment
850 \tabcolsep : half the width separating columns in a tabular environment
851 \arrayrulewidth : width of rules
852 \doublerulesep : space between adjacent rules in array or tabular
853 \arraystretch : line spacing in array and tabular environments is done by
854 placing a strut in every row of height and depth
855 \arraystretch times the height and depth of the strut
856 produced by an ordinary \strut command.
858 Tabular environment cannot spread across pages. `supertabular.sty'
859 allows this.
861 tabular*
862 \begin{tabular*}{WIDTH}{PREAMBLE} ... \end{tabular*}
863 Make tabular environment with specifying its width.
864 To fill this width, use \extracolsep{} of preamble as below:
865 \begin{tabular*}{10em}[b]{|c@{\extracolsep{\fill}}|c|c|}
866 \hline
867 a & b & c \\ \hline
868 1 & 2 & 3
869 \end{tabular*}
870 See also tabular.
872 multicolumn
873 \multicolumn{N}{FORMAT}{ITEM}
874 In tabular environment,
875 replaces the next N column items by
876 ITEM, formatted according to FORMAT. FORMAT should contain at most
877 one l,r or c. If it contains none, then ITEM is ignored.
879 vline
880 \vline
881 In tabular environment,
882 draws a vertical line the height of the current row. May
883 appear in an array element entry.
886 hline
887 \hline
888 In tabular environment draws a horizontal line between rows. Must
889 appear either before the first entry (to appear above the first row) or
890 right after a \\ command. If followed by another \hline, then adds a
891 \vskip of \doublerulesep.
893 cline
894 \cline{i-j}
895 In tabular environment,
896 draws horizontal lines between rows covering columns
897 i through j, inclusive. Multiple commands may follow
898 one another to provide lines covering several disjoint
899 columns
901 extracolsep
902 \extracolsep{W}
903 for use inside an @ in the preamble. Causes a WIDTH
904 space to be added between columns for the rest of the
905 columns. This is in addition to the ordinary intercolumn
906 space.
908 picture
909 \begin{picture}(WIDTH,HEIGHT)(X,Y) ..contents.. \end{picture}
910 The picture environment allows you to create just about any kind of
911 picture you want containing text, lines, arrows and circles. You tell
912 LaTeX where to put things in the picture by specifying their
913 coordinates. A coordinate is a number that may have a decimal point
914 and a minus sign - a number like 5, 2.3 or -3.1416. A coordinate
915 specifies a length in multiples of the unit length \unitlength, so if
916 \unitlength has been set to 1cm, then the coordinate 2.54 specifies a
917 length of 2.54 centimeters. You can change the value of \unitlength
918 anywhere you want, using the \setlength command, but strange things
919 will happen if you try changing it inside the picture environment.
921 A position is a pair of coordinates, such as (2.4,-5), specifying the
922 point with x-coordinate 2.4 and y-coordinate -5. Coordinates are
923 specified in the usual way with respect to an origin, which is
924 normally at the lower-left corner of the picture. Note that when a
925 position appears as an argument, it is not enclosed in braces; the
926 parentheses serve to delimit the argument.
928 The picture environment has one mandatory argument, which is a
929 position. It specifies the size of the picture. The environment
930 produces a rectangular box with width and height determined by this
931 argument's x- and y-coordinates.
933 The picture environment also has an optional position argument,
934 following the size argument, that can change the origin. (Unlike
935 ordinary optional arguments, this argument is not contained in square
936 brackets.) The optional argument gives the coordinates of the point at
937 the lower-left corner of the picture (thereby determining the origin).
938 For example, if \unitlength has been set to 1mm, the command
940 \begin{picture}(100,200)(10,20)
942 produces a picture of width 100 millimeters and height 200
943 millimeters, whose lower-left corner is the point (10,20) and whose
944 upper-right corner is therefore the point (110,220). When you first
945 draw a picture, you will omit the optional argument, leaving the
946 origin at the lower-left corner. If you then want to modify your
947 picture by shifting everything, you just add the appropriate optional
948 argument.
950 The environment's mandatory argument determines the nominal size of
951 the picture. This need bear no relation to how large the picture
952 really is; LaTeX will happily allow you to put things outside the
953 picture, or even off the page. The picture's nominal size is used by
954 TeX in determining how much room to leave for it.
956 Everything that appears in a picture is drawn by the \put command. The
957 command
959 \put (11.3,-.3){...}
961 puts the object specified by "..." in the picture, with its reference
962 point at coordinates (11.3,-.3). The reference points for various
963 objects will be described below.
965 The \put command creates an LR box. You can put anything in the text
966 argument of the \put command that you'd put into the argument of an
967 \mbox and related commands. When you do this, the reference point
968 will be the lower left corner of the box.
970 Picture environment is obsolete I thinks, so show only commands.
972 [[COMMANDS]]
973 \put(X,Y){OBJECT}
974 \multiput(X,Y)(dX,dY){REPEAT}{OBJECT}
975 [[OBJECTS]]
976 \makebox(X,Y)[POS]{TEXT}
977 \framebox(X,Y)[POS]{TEXT}
978 \dashbox(X,Y)[POS]{TEXT}
979 (POS = l, r, b, t)
980 \line(dX,dY){HorizontalLength}
981 \vector(dX,dY){HorizontalLength} (arrow)
982 (dX,dY = +-1, +-2, ..., +-6)
983 \shortstack[POS]{FIRST\\SECOND\\THIRD...}
984 \circle{DIAMETER}
985 \circle*{DIAMETER} (Filled circle)
986 (Maximum diameters are 40pt, 15pt)
987 \oval(Dia-X,DiaY)[POS] (Oval POS = l, r, t, b)
988 \frame{OBJECT}
989 \thinlines, \thicklines (choose line thickness)
990 \linethickness{THICKNESS}
992 newtheorem
993 \newtheorem{NAME}{TEXT}[COUNTER] \newtheorem{NAME}[OLDNAME]{TEXT}
994 This defines the environment NAME to be just as one would expect a
995 theorem environment to be, except that it prints ``TEXT'' instead of
996 ``Theorem''.
998 If OLDNAME is given, then environments NAME and OLDNAME use the same
999 counter, so using a NAME environment advances the number of the next
1000 NAME environment, and vice-versa.
1002 If COUNTER is given, then environment NAME is numbered within COUNTER.
1003 E.g., if COUNTER = subsection, then the first NAME in subsection 7.2
1004 is numbered TEXT 7.2.1.
1006 The way NAME environments are numbered can be changed by redefining
1007 \theNAME.
1009 title
1010 \title{TITLE}
1011 Define the title of the document.
1013 author
1014 \author{AUTHOR}
1015 Declare the author of the document.
1017 date
1018 \date{DATE}
1019 Define the date of document which is used by \maketitle.
1020 Omitting DATE produces current date.
1022 thanks
1023 \thanks{FOOTNOTE}
1024 Output a footnote in title page.
1026 maketitle
1027 \maketitle
1028 Output a title. Should be written in document environment.
1029 Here are the constituents of title page.
1030 \title{TITLE}
1031 \author{AUTHOR}
1032 \date{DATE} (If DATE omitted, output the date of typesetting)
1033 \thanks{NOTE} (Output a thanks message or the post of the author)
1035 part
1036 \part{TITLE}
1037 Start a new part whose title is TITLE.
1038 <refer chapter>
1040 chapter
1041 \chapter{TITLE}
1042 Start a chapter whose title is TITLE.
1043 Sectioning commands:
1044 \part Part ?
1045 \chapter Chapter ? (not available in `article.sty')
1046 \section ?
1047 \subsection ?.?
1048 \subsubsection ?.?.?
1049 \paragraph ***
1050 \subparagraph ===
1052 section
1053 \section{TITLE}
1054 Start a section whose title is TITLE.
1055 <refer chapter>
1057 subsection
1058 \subsection{TITLE}
1059 Start a subsection whose title is TITLE.
1060 <refer chapter>
1062 subsubsection
1063 \subsubsection{TITLE}
1064 Start a paragraph whose title is TITLE.
1065 <refer chapter>
1067 paragraph
1068 \paragraph{TITLE}
1069 Start a paragraph whose title is TITLE.
1070 <refer chapter
1072 subparagraph
1073 \subparagraph{TITLE}
1074 Start a subparagraph whose title is TITLE.
1075 <refer chapter>
1077 appendix
1078 \appendix
1079 Declare the beginning of appendix.
1080 Change the numbering fashion to appendix oriented.
1082 contentsline
1083 \contentsline{TYPE}{ENTRY}{PAGE}
1084 \contentsline{subsection}{\makebox{30pt}[r]{1.4.3} Gnats and Gnus}{22}
1085 Macro to produce a TYPE entry in a table of contents, etc.
1086 It will appear in the .TOC or other file. For example,
1087 The entry for subsection 1.4.3 in the table of contents might
1088 be produced by:
1089 \contentsline{subsection}{\makebox{30pt}[r]{1.4.3} Gnats and Gnus}{22}
1090 The \protect command causes command sequences to be written
1091 without expanding them.
1093 addcontentsline
1094 \addcontentsline{TABLE}{TYPE}{ENTRY}
1095 User command for adding his own entry to a table of contents, etc.
1096 It adds the entry
1097 \contentsline{TYPE}{ENTRY}{page}
1098 to the .TABLE file.
1100 addtocontents
1101 \addtocontents{TABLE}{TEXT}
1102 Adds TEXT to the .TABLE file, with no page number.
1104 index
1105 \index{INDEX}
1106 Create an entry of index.
1109 glossary
1110 \glossary{STRING}
1111 Create an entry of glossary.
1113 makeindex
1114 \makeindex
1115 Writes \indexentry to .idx file.
1116 Should be in preamble.
1118 makeglossary
1119 \makeglossary
1120 Writes \glossaryentry to .glo file.
1121 Should be in preamble.
1123 bibliography
1124 \bibliography{FILE1,FILE2, ... ,FILEn}
1125 Specifies the bibdata files.
1127 bibliographystyle
1128 \bibliographystyle{STYLE}
1129 Style of numbering of bibliographies.
1130 plain normal
1131 unsrt without sorting
1132 alpha gives tag like "Foo94"
1133 abbrv omit the first name of author, publishing month, book title
1135 thebibliography
1136 \begin{thebibliography} \bibitem{ITEM},... \end{thebibliography}
1137 The thebibliography environment is a list environment. To save the
1138 use of an extra counter, it should use enumiv as the item counter.
1139 Instead of using \item, items in the bibliography are produced by the
1140 \bibitem command.
1141 ---
1142 <refer bibitem>
1144 bibitem
1145 \bibitem{NAME} \bibitem[LABEL]{NAME}
1146 Produces a numbered (as [1], [2],...) entry cited as NAME.
1147 Second form produces an entry labeled by LABEL and cited as NAME.
1149 thefootnote
1150 In usual LaTeX style, produces the footnote number.
1151 If footnotes are to be numbered within pages, then the
1152 document style file must include an \@addtoreset command
1153 to cause the footnote counter to be reset when the page
1154 counter is stepped. This is not a good idea, though,
1155 because the counter will not always be reset in time
1156 to ensure that the first footnote on a page is footnote
1157 number one.
1159 footnote
1160 \footnote{NOTE} or \footnote[NUM]{NOTE}
1161 User command to insert a footnote.
1162 In second form, insert a footnote numbered
1163 NUM, where NUM is a number -- 1, 2,
1164 etc. For example, if footnotes are numbered
1165 *, **, etc. within pages, then \footnote[2]{...}
1166 produces footnote '**'. This command does not
1167 step the footnote counter.
1168 (fragile)
1170 footnotemark
1171 \footnotemark[NUM]
1172 Command to produce just the footnote mark in
1173 the text, but no footnote. With no argument,
1174 it steps the footnote counter before generating
1175 the mark.
1177 footnotetext
1178 \footnotetext[NUM]{TEXT}
1179 Command to produce the footnote but no mark.
1180 \footnote is equivalent to \footnotemark \footnotetext .
1182 footnotesize
1183 {\footnotesize ...}
1184 Size-changing command for footnotes.
1186 footnotesep
1187 \footnotesep
1188 The height of a strut placed at the beginning of every footnote.
1190 footnoterule
1191 \footnoterule
1192 Macro to draw the rule separating footnotes from text.
1193 It is executed right after a \vspace of \skip\footins.
1194 It should take zero vertical space--i.e., it should to
1195 a negative skip to compensate for any positive space
1196 it occupies. (See PLAIN.TEX.)
1198 documentstyle
1199 \documentstyle[OPTION1,OPTION2, ... ,OPTIONn]{STYLE}
1200 The user starts his file with the command as above
1201 which saves the OPTION's and \input's the file STYLE.STY.
1203 verb
1204 \verb#CONTENTS#
1205 The command \verb produces in-line verbatim text, where the argument
1206 is delimited by any pair of characters. E.g., \verb #...# takes
1207 '...' as its argument, and sets it verbatim in \tt font.
1209 The *-variants of these commands is the same, except that spaces
1210 print as the TeXbook's space character instead of as blank spaces.
1212 styleparameter
1214 topfigrule
1215 \topfigrule
1216 Command to place rule (or whatever) between floats
1217 at top of page and text. Executed in inner vertical
1218 mode right before the \textfloatsep skip separating
1219 the floats from the text. Must occupy zero vertical
1220 space. (See \footnoterule.)
1222 botfigrule
1223 \setlength{\botfigrule}{LENGTH}
1224 Same as \topfigrule, but put after the \textfloatsep
1225 skip separating text from the floats at bottom of page.
1227 intextsep
1228 \setlength{\intextsep}{LENGTH}
1229 Space left on top and bottom of an in-text float.
1231 newpage
1232 \newpage
1233 Advance to a new page.
1234 \clearpage Output the unfinished table of images, if any,
1235 and clear page.
1236 \cleardoublepage Same as \clearpage except that when spread style
1237 (such as book), start a new page with odd page.
1238 \newpage Finish current column when twocolumn.
1240 clearpage
1241 \clearpage
1242 <refer newpage>
1244 cleardoublepage
1245 \cleardoublepage
1246 <refer newpage>
1248 length
1250 Here are the available units of length in TeX.
1251 cm centi meter
1252 em width of `M'
1253 ex height of `x'
1254 in inch (=2.54cm)
1255 mm mi.li meter
1256 pc pica(=12pt)
1257 pt point (72.27pt=1 inch)
1258 \fill Freely extendable length whose normal length is 0
1259 \stretch{X} X-times as long as \fill
1261 stretch
1262 \stretch{X}
1263 <refer length>
1265 twocolumn
1266 \twocolumn[STRING]
1267 Clear page and start two-column typesetting.
1268 Optional argument [STRING] specifies the page-acrossing title.
1269 ->onecolumn
1271 onecolumn
1272 \onecolumn
1273 Clear page and start one-column typesetting.
1274 ->twocolumn
1276 topnewpage
1277 \topnewpage{BOX}
1278 Begin a new page and create the parbox-ed BOX whose width is \textwidth.
1279 This is useful to make a page-acrossing title in a twocolumn page.
1281 YaTeX
1282 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.tex$" . yatex-mode) auto-mode-alist))
1283 The mode you are probably using now.
1284 Bells and whistles for using LaTeX at a breeze.
1286 [pronunciation]
1287 ``ya-tek'' for programs as yatex.el, ``ya-cho'' when referring to the
1288 whole system. ``ya-cho'' in Japanese stands for ``wild bird''
1291 yatex
1292 (setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.tex$" . yatex-mode) auto-mode-alist))
1293 <refer YaTeX>